Serum Ferritin and Blood Pressure modulation in first-time and regular blood donors

Authors

  • Oluseye Vincent Osunkalu CMUL, University of Lagos
  • Alani Sulaimon Akanmu college of medicine, university of Lagos, Nigeria
  • Aderonke Shakirat Lawal -Folorunsho college of medicine, university of Lagos, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0501-1-31

Keywords:

Blood pressure, Long term blood donation, Serum ferritin, Voluntary blood donors, Blood pressure, Long term blood donation, Serum ferritin, Voluntary blood donors

Abstract

Background: The health benefits of blood donation are well known. However, the overall effect of long term regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure need to be evaluated among voluntary blood donors.

Objective: To determine the effect of long term, regular blood donation on body iron store and blood pressure among regular voluntary non-remunerated blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: Consenting adult blood donors (n = 320), ranging from the first time to regular blood donors were studied over six months. Supine blood pressure (BP) readings were taken twice at 30 minutes interval with a mercury sphygmomanometer. Venous whole blood was drawn into EDTA anti-coagulated and plain tubes for haematological parameters and serum ferritin estimation using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method.

Results: The mean serum ferritin levels declined significantly from 95.5ng/mL among first time donors to 68.9ng/mL among Category III donors (p = 0.035). Male voluntary blood donors had increased risk of low serum ferritin level (OR = 5.02; 95%CI= 1.12-22.51; p = 0.035). Lower values of serum ferritin were recorded more frequently among donors within the 21-30 year age category (OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.0-2.71; p= 0.042). Long term regular voluntary blood donation was associated with significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Long term blood donation resulted in the reduction of blood pressure. Progressive increase in the duration of donation resulted in reduced iron stores even as haemoglobin concentration levels remained acceptable for blood donation.

Author Biographies

Alani Sulaimon Akanmu, college of medicine, university of Lagos, Nigeria

Dep

department of Haematolology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria

Rank: Professor

Aderonke Shakirat Lawal -Folorunsho, college of medicine, university of Lagos, Nigeria

Department of Haematolology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria

rank: postgraduate fellow

References

WHO. WHA58.13.Proposal to establish World Blood Donor Day; Fifty-Eighth World Health Assembly; Geneva. Available at www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA58-REC1/ Accessed on 22/6/2018.

Voluntary blood donation: foundation of a safe and sufficient blood supply. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books Accessed 21/6/2018.

WHO. Global Database on Blood Safety. Available at http:// www.who.int/blood safety/publications. Accessed on 22/6/2018

WHO. The Melbourne Declaration on '100% Voluntary Non-remunerated Donation of Blood and Blood Components. Available at http://www.who.int/worldblooddonorday/ Accessed on 22/6/2018.

WHO. WHA28.72. Utilization and supply of human blood and blood products; Twenty-Eighth World Health Assembly; Geneva. 13–30 May 1975. Available at www.who.int/bloodsafety/en/WHA28.72.pdf Accessed on 27/6/2018.

Devine D, Goldman M, Engelfriet CP, Reesink, HW, Hetherington C, Hall A, et al. Donor recruitment research. Vox Sanguinis 2007; 93: 250–259.

Aneke JC, Okocha CE. Blood transfusion safety; current status and challenges in Nigeria, Asian J Transfus Sci. 2017; 11(1): 1–5.

Federal Ministry of Health. FEC approves national blood transfusion commission. Available at http://health.gov.ng/index.php/resources/reports/ Accessed on 8/11/2018.

Lagos State Blood Transfusion Services. Available at https://bloodtransfusion.lagosstate.gov.ng/ Accessed on 22/6/2018.

PAHO/WHO. Voluntary blood donation must be improved to ensure better patient outcomes. Available at https://www.paho.org/hq/index. Accessed on 8/11/2018.

Gary MB. Iron deficiency in whole blood donors Transfusion. Transfusion 2011; 51(3): 458–461.

Cable RG, Glynn SA, Kiss JE. Iron deficiency in blood donors: Analysis of Enrollment Data from the REDS-II Donor Iron Status Evaluation (RISE) Study. Transfusion 2011; 51(3): 511-522.

Iron stores and blood donation. Available at https://www.bloodsystems.org/ Accessed on 21/6/2018.

Adewumi A, Ebele IU, Adeyemo TA, Damulak DO, Akinbami AA, Akanmu AS. ’Iron stores in regular blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria. J Blood Med 2013; 4: 75–80.

Amilo GI, Ifeanyichukwu MO, Ngwu AM, Obi GO. Iron deficiency in regular blood donors in Enugu (Southeastern Nigeria). Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol 2014; 4: 1–6.

Parasappa JY, Harish S G. Evaluation of Iron Stores in blood donors by estimation of serum ferritin level. Int J Med Health Sci 2013; 2(3): 275-281.

Akpotuzor JO, Isong C, Okpokam DC, Etukudo MH. Levels of serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation and PCV in blood donors in Calabar, Cross Rivers State, Nigeria. Pakistan J Nutri 2008; 7: 500–502.

Stainsby D. Safety of blood donation from individuals with treated hypertension or non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes – a systematic review. Vox Sanguinis 2010; 98(3):431–440.

Recommendations for changes to acceptance criteria for UK whole blood and component donors available at: https://www.transfusionguidelines.org/ Accessed on 21/6/2018.

Reiss RF. Blood Donor Well-being: A Primary Responsibility of Blood Collection Agencies. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2011; 41(1): 3-7.

WHO. Blood donor selection. Available at www.who.int/bloodsafety/publications Accessed on 23/6/2018.

Saleh M A. The effect of repeated blood donations on the iron status of male Saudi blood donors. Blood Transfusion 2011; 9: 167-71.

Okpokam DC, Emeribe AO, Akpotuzor JO. Frequency of Blood Donation and Iron Stores of Blood Donors in Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria. Int J Biomed Lab Sci 2012; 1(2): 40-43.

Richard GC, Simome SG, Joseph EK, Alan EM, Whitney RS, Edward LM, et al. NHLBI Retrovirus epidemiology donor study-II (REDS-II). Transfusion 2012; 52: 702-711.

Deepa DG, Arumugam P, Swathandhran H, Radhiga ST. A study of serum ferritin levels among voluntary blood donors.Int J Res Med Sci 2017; 5(12): 5322-5329.

Vilsu IM, Apksha B, Snehalata CG. Iron status of voluntary blood donors. Asian J Transfus Sci 2008; 2(1): 9–12.

Kamhieh-Milz S, Kamhieh-Milz J, Tauchmann Y, Ostermann T, Shah Y, Kalus U et al. Regular blood donation may help in management of hypertension: an observational study on 292 blood donors. Transfusion 2016; 56(3): 637-44.

France CR, France JL, Himawan LK, Kessler DA, Rebosa M, Shaz BH. Donating blood on a regular basis appears to reduce blood pressure but appearance can be deceiving. Transfusion 2017; 57(4): 933-937.

Rosa-Bray, M, Wisdom C, Marier JF, Mouksassi MS, Wada S. The effect of plasmapheresis on blood pressure in voluntary plasma donors Vox Sanguinis 2015; 108: 11–17.

Muñoz-Bravo C, Gutiérrez-Bedmar M, Gómez-Aracena J, García-Rodríguez A, Navajas JF. Iron: protector or risk factor for cardiovascular disease? Still controversial. Nutrients. 2013; 5(7): 2384-404. doi:10.3390/nu5072384.

Rosa-Bray M, Wisdom C, Wada S, Johnson BR, Grifols-Roura V, Grifols-Lucas V. Prospective multicentre study of the effect of voluntary plasmapheresis on plasma cholesterol levels in donors. Vox Sanguinis 2013; 105(2): 108-115.

Uche EI, Adediran A, Damulak OD, Adeyemo TA, Akinbami AA, Akanmu AS. Lipid profile of regular blood donors. J Blood Med. 2013; 4: 39–42.

Published

2019-06-01

Issue

Section

Original Research