Haematological parameters of apparently healthy neonates at the Federal Medical Centre Bida, North Central Nigeria

Authors

  • OE Ojewole
  • U Abubakar Paediatrics department FMC Bida
  • AO Olowu Paediatrics department Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0603-04-90

Keywords:

Bida, Haematological parameters, Healthy, Neonates, Nigeria, Packed Cell Volume

Abstract

Background: Haematological parameters are used as screening tools for patient’s care and treatment.

Objective: To determine the haematological parameters of apparently healthy term Nigerian babies and generate normative data.

Methods: This was a descriptive, longitudinal study of consecutively recruited babies. The haematological parameters were determined using venous blood samples drawn at delivery and on the 14th day of life using a haematology auto-analyser.

Results: Of the 309 babies recruited on the first day of life, 160 (51.8%) were males while 149 (48.2%) were females. Two hundred and seventy-nine (90.3%) were delivered vaginally.  Most (75%) of the neonates were of Nupe origin. The mean haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Red Blood Cell and reticulocyte count on Day 1 were 48.8±8.0%, 15.0±2.6g/dl, 104.1±8.8fl, 31.9±3.3pg, 30.7±1.7g/dl, 4.7±0.9 (×109/l) and 2.0±1.4% respectively. Corresponding Day 14 values were 41.2±5.2%, 12.8±1.9g/dl, 97.2±9.8fl, 30.3±3.8pg, 31.1±1.7g/dl, 4.5±0.6 (×109/l) and 1.0±0.7% respectively. The mean White Blood Cell (WBC) and platelet counts were 13.3±4.8 (×109/l) and 228.3±81.2 (×109/l) respectively, on the 1st day of life and 10.1±2.4 (×109/l) and 370.1±120.7 (×109/l) respectively on the 14th day. The mean differential WBC counts were 49.4±12.0% for neutrophils and 37.4±11.3% for lymphocytes on the 1st day and 32.4±10.0% and 52.8±9.3% respectively on the 14th day.

Conclusion: Neonates from Bida have haematological parameters comparable with previously reported values from other parts of Nigeria.

References

Perkins SL. Examination of the Blood and Bone Marrow. In: Wintrobe M, Lee G (eds). Wintrobe’s Clinical Haematology. Williams and Wilkins Co: Baltimore, 2006: 27–74.

Buseri F, Siaminabo I, Jeremiah Z. Reference values of hematological indices of infants, children, and adolescents in Port. Pathol Lab Med Int 2010; 2: 65–70.

Adediran A, Adeyemo TA, Akinbami A, Gbadegesin A, Ebele U, Akanmu S. Cord blood full blood count parameters in Lagos, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 17: 192.

Danish H, Mohammad P, Tahseen K, Syed T. Influence of maternal factors on haematological parameters of healthy newborns of Karachi. Par J Physiol 2009; 5: 34–37.

Waseem P, Waqar A, Abdullatif K, Nayyer A, Muhammad I, Z ameer AN. Reference haematological values for full-term healthy newborns from rural Sindh, Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2015; 27: 375–377.

Danish QH, Mohammad SP, Syed AT, Tahseen K. Haematological reference values for full-term, healthy, newborns of Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2009; 59: 618–622.

Dosoo DK, Asante KP, Kayan K, Adu-Gyasi D, Osei-Kwakye K, Mahama E et al. Biochemical and hematologic parameters for children in the middle belt of Ghana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 90: 767–773.

Usman K, Syed ZA, Rao AA. Reference range values of haematological parameters in healthy Pakistani adults. Pak J Physiol 2007; 3: 19–22.

Basnet S, Singh SK, Sathian B, Mishra R. Reference ranges for haematological values in umbilical cord blood in Pokhara, Nepal. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016; 36: 263–267.

Quintó L, Aponte JJ, Sacarlal J, Espasa M, Aide P, Mandomando I et al. Haematological and biochemical indices in young African children: in search of reference intervals. Trop Med Int Health 2006; 11: 1741–1748.

Effiong C, Taiwo O, Odeniyi O, Mellits E. Haematological values in healthy full-term Nigerian newborn infants. Bio Neonate 1976; 28: 336–346.

Abdurrahman MB, Adekoje MA. Haematological values in northern Nigerian neonates. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77: 786–788.

Ogala WN. Haematological values in healthy Nigerian infants. Ann Trop Paediatr 1986; 6: 63–66.

Dapper D, Didia B. Haematological parameters of umbilical cord blood of Nigerian newborns: Correlation with maternal parameters. W Afr J Med 2006; 25: 226–230.

Ogundeyi M, Olarewaju D, Njokanma O, Ogunlesi T. Haematological profile of apparently healthy term babies aged one day, three days and six weeks delivered in Sagamu, Nigeria. Niger J Paediatr 2011; 38: 125–130.

Lewis S. Statistical procedures. In: Lewis S (Ed). World Health Organization quality assurance in Haematology. WHO: Switzerland, 1998: 19–42.

Oyedeji G. Socio-economic and cultural background of hospitalised children in Ilesha. Niger J Paediatr 1985; 12: 111–117.

Imelda B, Lewis SM. Reference ranges and normal values. In: Barbara JB, Imelda B, Michael AL, Lewis SM (eds). Dacie and Lewis Practical Haematology. Churchill Livingstone: China, 2011: 10–22.

WHO. Guideline: Delayed umbilical cord clamping for improved maternal and infant health and nutritional outcomes. Geneva, 2014.

Corporation S. Operator’s manual Automated Haematology analyser KX-21. 2000.

Bain B, Seed M. Platelet count and platelet size in healthy Africans and West Indians. Clin Lab Haematol 1986; 8: 43–48.

Briggs C, Bain BJ. Basic haematological techniques. In: Barbara JB, Imelda B, Michael AL, Lewis SM (Eds). Practical Haematology. Elsevier Churchill Living stone: China, 2011: 23–56.

Luchtman-Jones L, Schwartz AL. Haematological problems in the fetus and neonate. In: Fanaroff and Martin’s Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Elsevier’s Health sciences rights department: Philadelphia, 2006.

Barbara J, Robert M. Blood disorders. In: Kleigman R, Behrman R, Jenson H, Stanton B (Eds). Nelson textbook of paediatrics. WB Saunders Company: Philadelphia, 1996: 599–601.

WHO. The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011. Switzerland, Geneva, 2011.

Mukiibi JM, Mtimavalve L, Mzula E, Dzinyemba WEW, Merrick R, Mtimavalye LA et al. Some haematological parameters in Malawian neonates. East Afr Med J 1995; 72: 10–14.

Babay ZA, Addar MH, Warsy AS, El-Hazmi MA. The inter-relationship hematological parameters between Saudi newborns and parents. Saudi Med J 2002; 23: 943–946.

Karazawa EH, Jamra M. Normal hematologic parameters. Rev Saude Publica 1989; 23: 58–66.

Shrivastava A, Goyal A, Negi K. Effect of high altitude on haematological parameters. Indian J Prev Soc Med 2010; 41: 41–46.

Abdurrahman MB, Adekoje MA. Haematological values in northern Nigerian neonates. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77: 786–788.

Jaebum C, Xiaoze O, Rajan PK, Changhuei Y. Counting white blood cells from a blood smear using Fourier ptychographic microscopy. PLoS One 2015; 10: 1–6.

Ogala W, Wammanda R. Physiology of haematopoiesis and haemostasis. In: Azubuike J, Nkanginieme K (Eds). Paediatrics and child health in a tropical region. African educational services: Owerri, 2007: 347–351.

William WHJ, Levin MJ, Sondheimer JM, Deterding RR. Haematologic disease. In: William W. Hay J, Levin MJ, Sondheimer JM, Deterding RR (Eds). Current Paediatrics Diagnosis and Treatment. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc: USA, 2007.

Reich D, Nalls MA, Kao WHL, Akylbekova EL, Tandon A, Mullikin J et al. Reduced Neutrophil count in people of African descent is due to a regulatory variant in the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines gene. PloS Genet 2009; 5: 1–14.

Njokanma O. Blood disorders in the newborn and early infancy. In: Azubuike J, Nkanginieme K (eds). Paediatrics and child health in a tropical region. African educational services: Owerri, 2007: 351–354.

Published

2020-08-22

Issue

Section

Original Research