Paediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-05-180Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a very useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Gastrointestinal endoscopy in paediatric practice is still evolving in Nigeria.
Objective: To determine the common indications for paediatric endoscopy in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
Method: This was a retrospective study of all gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures performed for children aged 0 -18 years between January 2021 and March 2022. The hospital records of the children were retrieved, and data were extracted for analysis.
Results: Thirty-seven endoscopic procedures were performed on 32 children with two subjects having repeated procedures while one had both upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopic studies. The mean age of the children was 11 ± 5.4 years with those aged between 10 and 14 years constituting the majority (40.6%). Most indications were diagnostic and the commonest indication for endoscopy was upper abdominal pain (40.6%) which was followed by upper gastrointestinal bleeding (37.6%). The endoscopic findings were mainly gastritis (56.8%), hiatus hernia (32.4%) and duodenitis (18.9%). The commonest therapeutic indication for gastrointestinal endoscopy was variceal banding.
Conclusion: Paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric gastrointestinal disorders. Upper abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the leading indications for paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria.
References
Cadranel S, Mougeno J. History of gastrointestinal endoscopy and Paediatric endoscopy 2006. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265318317. Accessed on the 20 May 2022.
Sivak MV. Gastrointestinal endoscopy: past and future. Gut 2006;55:1061-1064. https://doi.org/ 10.1136/gut.2005.086371.
Kaunitz JD. The fruits of fiber: the invention of the flexible fiberoptic gastroscope. Dig Dis Sci. 2014;11:2616-2618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-014-3339-4.
Squires RH Jr., Colletti RB. Indications for Pediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Medical Position Statement of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. J.Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutri 1996;23:107-110.
Schreiber-Dietrich D, Hocke M, Braden B, Carrara S, Gottschalk U, Dietrich CF. Pediatric Endoscopy, Update 2020. Appl. Sci 2019;9:5036. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235036. Accessed on 22 May 2022.
Ikobah JM, Ngim OE, Adeniyi F, Ekanem EE, Abiodun P. Paediatric endoscopy in Nigeria humble beginning. Niger J Paediatr. 2015;42:147–150.
Roth L, Salo M, Hambraeus M, Stenstrom P, Ambjornsson E. Gastroscopy in Paediatric Surgery: Indications, complications, outcomes, and ethical aspects. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/820340
Fachler T, Shteyer E, Meyer EO, Shemasna I, Tzion RL, Rachman Y, et al. Paediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Diagnostic yield and appropriateness of referral based on clinical presentation: A pilot study. Front Pediatr 2021:9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.607418
Ray-Offor G, Gbobo I. Paediatric Gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria: A budding practice. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2019;9:595. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.1000595
Alatise OI, Anyabolu HC, Sowande O, Akinola D. Paediatric endoscopy by adult gastroenterologists in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: A viable option to increase the access to paediatric endoscopy in low resource countries. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2015;12:261–265.
Adeniyi OF, Lesi OA, Odeghe EA, Adekola O, Oduwole OA. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: The Lagos University Teaching Hospital experience. S Afr J Child Health 2016;10:207–210. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAJCH.2016.v10i4.1116
Altamimi, E., Odeh, Y., Al-quraan, T. Mohamed E, Rawabdeh N. Diagnostic yield and appropriate indication of upper endoscopy in Jordanian children. BMC Pediatr 2021;10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-020-02470-6
Ozbey G, Hanafiah A. Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7:34-39.
Norsa L, Ferrari A, Mosca A, Talbotec C, Campeotto F, Lemale J, et al. Urgent endoscopy in children: epidemiology in a large region of France. Endosc Int Open 2020;8:E969 – E973.
Jafari SA, Kiani MA, Kianifar HR, Mansooripour M, Heidari E, Khalesi M. Aetiology of gastrointestinal bleeding in children referred to paediatric wards of Mashhad hospitals, Iran. Electron Physician 2018;10:6341-6345.
Altamimi E, Odeh Y, Al-Quraan T, Mohamed E, Rawabdeh N. Diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes of pediatric colonoscopies in Jordanian children. J Pediatr Neonat Individ Med 2022; 11: https://doi.org/10.7363/110211
Chen J, Yu H, Zhong W, Chen H, Kong X, Sun J, et al. Paediatric colonoscopy in South China: a single-centre experience from 229 cases. Chinese J Gastrointest Surg 2017;20:1404–1408.
Al Kirdy F, Rajab M, El-Rifai N. Helicobacter pylori Infection: Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histological Findings in Lebanese Paediatric Patients. Int J Pediatr 2020; 2020: 4648167. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4648167.
Isa HMA, Alfayez FN. Indications and Yield of Pediatric Endoscopy in Bahrain: A Tertiary Center Experience. Int J Pediatr. 2022; 2022: 6836842. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6836842.
Khan M, Ahmed S, Ali S, Maheshwari P, Jamal M. Spectrum of Upper GI Endoscopy in Pediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Centre in Pakistan. Open J.Pediatr 2014;4:180-184.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Annals of Health Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The articles and other materials published in the Annals of Health Research are protected by the Nigerian Copyright laws. The journal owns the copyright over every article, scientific and intellectual materials published in it. However, the journal grants all authors, users and researchers access to the materials published in the journal with the permission to copy, use and distribute the materials contained therein only for academic, scientific and non-commercial purposes.
